What is a steering gear? What are the types of steering gear? At present, the main use scenario of steering gear

What is the steering gear? First of all, the name "steering engine" is actually a common name, which is the name of those who play model planes and ship models, because this motor is often used for rudder control. The steering gear is actually a low-end servo motor system, and it is also the most common servo motor system.

The steering engine is a position (Angle) servo driver, suitable for a control system that requires constant Angle change and can be maintained, consisting of an lower housing, a control circuit, a motor, a middle housing, a gear set, a bearing and an upper housing. The steering gear is a closed-loop control system. The control circuit board receives the control signal from the signal line, controls the motor rotation, the motor drives a series of gear sets, slows down and drives to the output rudder. The output shaft of the steering gear is connected with the position feedback potentiometer. When the steering gear rotates, the positioning feedback potentiometer is driven. The potentiometer will output a voltage signal to the control circuit board for feedback, and then the control circuit board determines the direction and speed of the motor rotation according to the location, so as to achieve the target stop.

Figure 1.1- Internal structure of the steering gear

Figure 1.2- Flow chart of steering gear control

Type of steering gear

What are the types of steering gear? The steering gear can be divided into analog steering gear and digital steering gear according to electronic classification. The analog steering gear adjusts the speed of the motor by simply sending switching pulses, reacting slowly to small instructions, and the motor rotates slowly and fast. Compared with the traditional analog steering gear, the digital steering gear can adjust the power of the incentive motor according to the program operation of the microprocessor to adapt to different functional requirements, and optimize the performance of the steering gear, which can provide higher accuracy and faster response and acceleration effect. According to the signal type, it can be divided into PWM signal actuator, RS-485 serial actuator and TTL serial actuator. There are mainly ordinary type, ultra-small, strong type and special purpose type.

First, PWM signal steering gear

Compared with analog communication, the resistance to noise is stronger, and switching from analog signal to PWM signal can greatly extend the communication distance. Through the appropriate RC or LC network at the receiving end, the modulated high frequency square wave can be filtered and the signal can be restored to the analog form, and the analog signal can be controlled by digital means. The characteristics of high frequency, high efficiency and high reliability greatly reduce the cost and power consumption.

Two, RS-485 serial steering gear

Using balanced transmission and differential reception, with good anti-interference ability, the signal can be transmitted thousands of meters. Multiple servos are allowed to be mounted on a bus, and each servos on the bus has a unique ID (0~250). The controller accesses the specific servos through the ID of the servos, and sends data to all servos on the bus through the broadcast ID (254). In addition, the super ID (253) can be used to send query commands to the servos on the bus. Different ID of the steering gear for time-sharing response.

Third, TTL serial steering gear

The parallel data transmission method is better for the data transmission inside the computer processor control device, while the power requirements are not high and the heat loss is low, and the TTL level signal is directly connected to the integrated circuit without the need for expensive line drivers and receiver circuits.

Four, CAN bus steering gear

Using serial asynchronous communication, at the same time can only have one send or receive information, CAN_H and CAN_L two signal lines, in the form of differential signal communication, anti-interference ability is strong. The high and low level amplitude is low, and the data transmission speed is relatively high.

Usage scenario

As the basic output actuator in the electromechanical system, the simple control and output make the single-chip computer system easily docking with it, and its superior Angle control performance is widely used in the fields of aircraft, submarine models, remote control robots, logistics, robots, artificial intelligence, automobiles and so on. For example, in drones or model aircraft, the steering engine can control the up and down, left and right rotation of the wings, so as to control the flight direction, height, and so on. In the robot, the steering machine can control the joint movement of the robot, so that the robot can complete a variety of complex actions, such as grasping, shooting, moving, etc.

Application of Desheng steering gear in remote control aircraft